The Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation

Updated: 2024-4-18

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The Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation Novel Chapters

List of most recent chapters published for the The Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation novel. A total of 323 chapters have been translated and the release date of the last chapter is Apr 02, 2024

Latest Release: Chapter 1 : The Const.i.tution of the United States ofAmerica: a.n.a.lysis and Interpretation.by Edw
The Const.i.tution of the United States ofAmerica: a.n.a.lysis and Interpretation.by Edward Corwin.PREFACE.By Honorable Alexander Wiley._Chairman, Senate Foreign Relations Committee_ To the Members and Committees of the Congress, the Const.i.tution is mor

123 [729] United States _v._ Burr, 4 Cr. 470, Appx. (1807).[730] There have been a number of lower court cases in some of which convictions were obtained. As a result of the Whiskey Rebellion convictions of treason were obtained on the basis of the ruling tha 2024-4-22
122 [683] 4 Stat. 634, -- 7 (1833).[684] 5 Stat. 539 (1942).[685] 14 Stat. 385 (1867).[686] Rev. Stat., -- 753; 28 U.S.C.A. -- 2242.[687] 100 U.S. 257 (1880).[688] In re Neagle, 135 U.S. 1 (1890).[689] In re Loney, 134 U.S. 372 (1890).[690] Boske _v._ Comingo 2024-4-22
121 [639] Hayburn's Case, 2 Dall. 409 (1792).[640] United States _v._ Ferriera, 13 How. 40 (1852); Gordon _v._ United States, 117 U.S. 697 (1864); Muskrat _v._ United States, 219 U.S. 346 (1911).[641] In addition to the cases cited in note 3[Transcriber& 2024-4-22
120 [591] 3 Dall. 321 (1796). Justice Wilson dissented from this holding and contended that the appellate jurisdiction, as being derived from the Const.i.tution, could be exercised without an act of Congress or until Congress made exceptions to it.[592] Durou 2024-4-22
119 [543] 149 U.S. 308, 401-404 (1893).[544] 215 U.S. 349, 370 (1910).[545] 276 U.S. 518 (1928).[546] Ibid. 533. Justice Holmes was influenced in part by the article of Charles Warren, New Light On The History Of The Federal Judiciary Act of 1789, 37 Harv. L. 2024-4-22
118 [495] 127 U.S. 265 (1888).[496] 2 Dall. 419, 431-432 (1793).[497] 127 U.S. 265, 289-300. This case also follows the general rule that a corporation chartered by the laws of a State, is a citizen of that State for purposes of federal jurisdiction.[498] 304 2024-4-22
117 [448] Rickert Rice Mills _v._ Fontenot, 297 U.S. 110 (1936); and Tennessee Electric Power Co. _v._ Tennessee Valley Authority, 306 U.S.118 (1939) which held that one threatened with direct and special injury by the act of an agent of the Government under 2024-4-22
116 [399] 317 U.S. 219, 259.[400] 21 Wall. 558 (1875).[401] Ibid. 572.[402] Ibid. 574-575.[403] The "Lottawanna," 21 Wall. 558, 577.[404] In re Garnett, 141 U.S. 1, 12 (1891).[405] Ibid. 14.[406] 244 U.S. 205, 215 (1917), citing Butler _v._ Boston & 2024-4-22
115 [351] L'Invincible, 1 Wheat. 238 (1816). _See also_ In re Fa.s.sett, 142 U.S. 479 (1892).[352] Sherlock _v._ Alling, 93 U.S. 99, 104 (1876). _See also_ Old Dominion S.S. Co. _v._ Gilmore (The "Hamilton"), 207 U.S. 398 (1907).[353] Jennings 2024-4-22
114 [302] 22 Stat. 162, -- 4 (1882).[303] 38 Stat. 803, -- 5 (1915).[304] 43 Stat. 936, 941 (1925); 28 U.S.C.A. -- 1349.[305] 3 Stat. 195, 198 (1815).[306] 4 Stat. 632, 633, -- 3 (1833).[307] 12 Stat. 755, 756, -- 5 (1863).[308] 28 U.S.C.A. -- 1442 (a) (1).[3 2024-4-22
113 [261] 2 Dall. 409 (1792).[262] 1 Stat. 243 (1792).[263] 3 Dall. 171 (1796).[264] 1 Cr. 137 (1803).[265] 1 Stat. 73, 81.[266] Cr. 137, 175-180.[267] Ibid. 180. The opinion in Marbury _v._ Madison is subject to two valid criticisms. In the first place the c 2024-4-22
112 [217] 143 U.S. 649, 670-672 (1892).[218] Coleman _v._ Miller, 307 U.S. 433, 450 (1939).[219] Ibid. 452-453.[220] 328 U.S. 549 (1946).[221] 287 U.S. 1 (1932). This case involved an unsuccessful attempt to enjoin an election of representatives in Congress i 2024-4-22
111 [167] Alabama Power Co. _v._ Ickes, 302 U.S. 464, 480-481 (1938).[168] 333 U.S. 203 (1948).[169] 342 U.S. 429 (1952). _See_ p. 763 (Amendment I).[170] 6 Wall. 50, 64 (1868). _See also_ State of Mississippi _v._ Johnson, 4 Wall. 475 (1867).[171] 6 Wall. at 2024-4-22
110 [119] Gordon _v._ United States, 117 U.S. 697 (1886); McElrath _v._ United States, 102 U.S. 426 (1880); Williams _v._ United States, 289 U.S. 553 (1933).[120] United States _v._ Coe, 155 U.S. 76 (1894).[121] Wallace _v._ Adams, 204 U.S. 415 (1907).[122] O 2024-4-22
109 [70] 56 Stat. 31 (1942), -- 204; 50 U.S.C.A. 924 (App.).[71] Freeman _v._ Howe, 24 How. 450 (1861); Gaines _v._ Fuentes, 92 U.S.10 (1876); Ex parte Young, 209 U.S. 123 (1908).[72] Langnes _v._ Green, 282 U.S. 531 (1931); Riehle _v._ Margolies, 270 U.S. 21 2024-4-22
108 227 (1937).[24] John Charles Fox, The King _v._ Almon, 24 Law Quarterly Review 184, 194-195 (1908).[25] John Charles Fox, The Summary Power to Punish Contempt, 25 Law Quarterly Review, 238, 252 (1909).[26] 1 Stat. 73, 83.[27] Act of March 2, 1831, 4 Stat. 2024-4-22
107 LEVYING WAR Early judicial interpretation of the meaning of treason in terms of levying war was conditioned by the partisan struggles of the early nineteenth century, in which were involved the treason trials of Aaron Burr and his a.s.sociates. In Ex part 2024-4-22
106 JURISDICTION OF THE _RES_ As applied by the Supreme Court in cases involving concurrent jurisdiction the principle of comity means that when the jurisdiction of a court and the right of a plaintiff to prosecute a suit therein have attached and when a cour 2024-4-22
105 Although Congress can neither enlarge nor restrict the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court, it may vest concurrent jurisdiction in the lower federal courts in cases over which the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction.[586] Thus among the grounds 2024-4-22
104 For purposes of diversity jurisdiction State citizens.h.i.+p is determined by domicile or residence, for the determination of which various tests have been stated: removal to a State, acquiring real estate there, and paying taxes;[517] residence in a Stat 2024-4-22
103 CLa.s.sIFICATION OF SUITS AGAINST OFFICERS Suits against officers involving the doctrine of sovereign immunity have been cla.s.sified by Justice Frankfurter in a dissenting opinion into four general groups. First, there are those cases in which the plaint 2024-4-22
102 PRIZE CASES, FORFEITURES, ETC.From the earliest days of the Republic, the federal courts sitting in admiralty have been held to have exclusive jurisdiction of prize cases.[353] Also, in contrast to other phases of admiralty jurisdiction prize law as appli 2024-4-22
101 A third limitation to the exercise of judicial review is the rule, partly inherent in the judicial process, but also partly a precautionary rule adopted by the Court in order to avoid clashes with the "political branches," is that the federal co 2024-4-22
100 declared Chief Justice Taney. "And certainly it is no part of the judicial functions of any court of the United States to prescribe the qualification of voters in a State, * * *; nor has it the right to determine what political privileges the citizen 2024-4-22
99 Once it is held that Congress can require the courts criminally to enforce unconst.i.tutional laws or statutes, including regulations, or to do so without regard for their validity, the way will have been found to circ.u.mvent the supreme law and, what is 2024-4-22
98 POWER TO ISSUE WRITS; THE ACT OF 1789 From the beginning of government under the Const.i.tution of 1789 Congress has a.s.sumed under the necessary and proper clause, its power to establish inferior courts, its power to regulate the jurisdiction of federal 2024-4-22
97 Article III Section 1. The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold t 2024-4-22
96 [450] 13 How. 115 (1852).[451] 13 Wall. 623 (1872).[452] 260 U.S. 327 (1922).[453] 341 U.S. 114 (1949).[454] 315 U.S. 203, 230 (1942).[455] Federalist No. 64.[456] _See also_ 40 Op. Atty. Gen. 250, 253 (1942).[457] 343 U.S. 579, 639, 640.[458] Ibid. 653, 2024-4-22
95 [417] 5 Moore, International Law Digest, 478-510, _pa.s.sim_.[418] A Decade of American Foreign Policy, S. Doc. 123, 81st Cong., 1st Sess., p. 1347.[419] _See_ Max Farrand, Records, II, 318-319.[420] Youngstown Co. _v._ Sawyer, 343 U.S. 579 (1952).[421] 1 2024-4-22
94 [371] Chicago & S. Airlines _v._ Waterman S.S. Corp., 333 U.S. 103, 111 (1948). _See also_ Oetjen _v._ Central Leather Co., 246 U.S. 297 (1918); Ricaud _v._ American Metal Co., 246 U.S. 304 (1918); and Compania Espanola de Navegacion Maritima, S.A. _v._ T 2024-4-22
93 "This discretion in the executive branch has been upheld and respected by the judiciary. The courts have repeatedly held that they will not and cannot require the executive to produce such papers when in the opinion of the executive their production 2024-4-22
92 [292] 12 Fed Reg. 1935.[293] Shoemaker _v._ Unite States, 147 U.S. 282, 301 (1893).[294] United States _v._ Germaine, 99 U.S. 508 (1879) is the leading case. For further citations _see_ Auffmordt _v._ Hedden, 137 U.S. 310, 327 (1890). The Court will, neve 2024-4-22
91 [251] McClure, 394-403; _cf._ The Const.i.tution, article IV, section 3, clause 2. When President John Adams signed a deed conveying property for a legation to the Queen of Portugal, he was informed by his Attorney General that only Congress was competent 2024-4-22
90 [206] Ibid. 318. "The treaty-making power vested in our government extends to all proper subjects of negotiation with foreign governments.It can, equally with any of the former or present governments of Europe, make treaties providing for the exercis 2024-4-22
89 [161] Terrace _v._ Thompson, 263 U.S. 197 (1923).[162] 332 U.S. 633 (1948). _See also_ Takahas.h.i.+ _v._ Fish and Game Comm., 334 U.S. 410 (1948), in which a California statute prohibiting the issuance of fis.h.i.+ng licenses to persons ineligible to cit 2024-4-22
88 [116] United States _v._ Wilson, 7 Pet. 150, 160-161 (1833).[117] 236 U.S. 79, 86 (1915).[118] Ibid. 90-91.[119] Armstrong _v._ United States, 13 Wall. 154, 156 (1872). In Brown _v._ Walker, 161 U.S. 591 (1896), the Court had said: "It is almost a ne 2024-4-22
87 [70] 57 Stat. 163.[71] "During the course of the year [1945] the President directed the seizure of many of the nation's industries in the course of labor disputes. The total number of facilities taken over is significant: two railroad systems, o 2024-4-22
86 [22] Ibid. 21-22, and citations.[23] Ibid. 22-24.[24] Ibid. 386. _See also_ ibid. 281.[25] Ford, The Rise and Growth of American Politics (New York, 1914), 293.[26] As to the meaning of "the fourth day of March", _see_ Charles Warren, Political 2024-4-22
85 Chief Justice Vinson launched his opinion of dissent, for himself and Justices Reed and Minton, with a survey of the elements of the emergency which confronted the President: the Korean war; the obligations of the United States under the United Nations Ch 2024-4-22
84 SUSPENSION OF HABEAS CORPUS BY THE PRESIDENT _See_ Article I, Section 9, clause 2, pp. 312-315.PREVENTIVE MARTIAL LAW The question of executive power in the presence of civil disorder is dealt with in modern terms in Moyer _v._ Peabody,[406] decided in 19 2024-4-22
83 The question of Congress's right also to recognize new states was prominently raised in connection with Cuba's final and successful struggle for independence. Beset by numerous legislative proposals of a more or less mandatory character, urging 2024-4-22
82 Clause 3. The President shall have Power to fill up all Vacancies that may happen during the Recess of the Senate, by granting Commissions which shall expire at the End of their next Session.RECESS APPOINTMENTS Setting out from the proposition that the ve 2024-4-22
81 AGREEMENTS UNDER THE UNITED NATIONS CHARTER Article 43 of the United Nations Charter provides: "1. All Members of the United Nations, in order to contribute to the maintenance of international peace and security, undertake to make available to the Se 2024-4-22
80 Present Status of Indian Treaties Today Indian treaties is a closed account in the Const.i.tutional Law ledger. By a rider inserted in the Indian Appropriation Act of March 3, 1871 it was provided "That hereafter no Indian nation or tribe within the 2024-4-22
79 Actually, the negotiation of treaties had long since been taken over by the President; the Senate's role in relation to treaties is today essentially legislative in character.[147] "He alone negotiates. Into the field of negotiation, the Senate 2024-4-22
78 By section 67 of the Organic Act of April 30, 1900,[84] the Territorial Governor is authorized "in case of rebellion or invasion, or imminent danger thereof, when the public safety requires it, [to] suspend the privilege of the writ of _habeas corpus 2024-4-22
77 THE PRIZE CASES The basis for a broader conception was laid in certain early acts of Congress authorizing the President to employ military force in the execution of the laws.[49] In his famous message to Congress of July 4, 1861,[50] Lincoln advanced the 2024-4-22
76 Nor is it alone in the field of foreign relations that the opening clause of article II has promoted lat.i.tudinarian conceptions of Presidential power. Especially has his role as "Commander in Chief in wartime" drawn nourishment from the same s 2024-4-22
75 [1780] Article VI.[1781] 14 Pet. 540 (1840).[1782] Ibid. 570, 571, 572.[1783] 148 U.S. 503, 518 (1893). _See also_ Stearns _v._ Minnesota, 179 U.S. 223, 244 (1900); _also_ reference in next note, at pp. 761-762.[1784] _See_ Leslie W. Dunbar, Interstate Co 2024-4-22
74 [1731] Honeyman _v._ Jacobs, 306 U.S. 539 (1939). _See also_ Gelfert _v._ National City Bank, 313 U.S. 221 (1941).[1732] 313 U.S. at 233-234.[1733] One reason for this is indicated in the following pa.s.sage from Justice Field's opinion for the Court 2024-4-22
73 342 U.S. 305.[1687] Stone _v._ Mississippi, 101 U.S. 814, 820 (1880).[1688] Butcher's Union Co. _v._ Crescent City Co., 111 U.S. 746 (1884).[1689] New Orleans Gas Co. _v._ Louisiana Light Co., 115 U.S. 630 (1885).[1690] Atlantic Coast Line R. Co. _v. 2024-4-22
72 [1643] Ibid. 382-383.[1644] Salt Co. _v._ East Saginaw, 13 Wall. 373, 379 (1872). _See also_ Welch _v._ Cook, 97 U.S. 541 (1879); Grand Lodge, F. & A.M. _v._ New Orleans, 166 U.S. 143 (1897); Wisconsin & M.R. Co. _v._ Powers, 191 U.S.379 (1903). _Cf._ Ett 2024-4-22
71 [1601] Ibid. 431.[1602] Ibid. 435.[1603] "The _Blaisdell_ decision represented a realistic appreciation of the fact that ours is an evolving society and that the general words of the contract clause were not intended to reduce the legislative branch 2024-4-22
70 [1553] Darrington _v._ Bank of Alabama, 13 How. 12, 15 (1851); Curran _v._ Arkansas, 15 How. 304, 317 (1853).[1554] Briscoe _v._ Bank of Kentucky, 11 Pet. 257 (1837).[1555] Woodruff _v._ Trapnall, 10 How. 190, 205 (1851).[1556] Legal Tender Cases, 110 U.S 2024-4-22
69 [1503] 192 U.S. 397 (1904).[1504] 220 U.S. 107 (1911).[1505] 240 U.S. 103 (1916).[1506] Ibid. 114.[1507] 232 U.S. 261 (1914).[1508] New York Trust Co. _v._ Eisner, 256 U.S. 345, 349 (1921).[1509] Phillips _v._ Dime Trust & Safe Deposit Co., 284 U.S. 160 ( 2024-4-22
68 [1453] Goto _v._ Lane, 265 U.S. 393 (1924).[1454] Salinger _v._ Loisel, 265 U.S. 224 (1924).[1455] Wong Doo _v._ United States, 265 U.S. 239 (1924).[1456] Price _v._ Johnston, 334 U.S. 266, 294 (1948).[1457] Corwin, The President, Office and Powers, 178 ( 2024-4-22
67 [1405] Ex parte Yarbrough, 110 U.S. 651 (1884); United States _v._ Waddell, 112 U.S. 76 (1884); In re Quarles, 158 U.S. 532, 537 (1895); Motes _v._ United States, 178 U.S. 458 (1900); United States _v._ Mosley, 238 U.S. 383 (1915). _See also_ Rakes _v._ U 2024-4-22
66 [1356] United States _v._ Moreland, 258 U.S. 433 (1922).[1357] Wight _v._ Davidson, 181 U.S. 371, 384 (1901); _Cf._ Adkins _v._ Children's Hospital, 261 U.S. 525 (1923) overruled by West Coast Hotel Co. _v._ Parrish, 300 U.S. 379 (1937).[1358] Kendal 2024-4-22
65 [1307] 255 U.S. 81 (1921).[1308] Ibid. 89.[1309] Schenck _v._ United States, 249 U.S. 47 (1919); Debs _v._ United States, 249 U.S. 211 (1919); Sugarman _v._ United States, 249 U.S. 182 (1919); Frohwerk _v._ United States, 249 U.S. 204 (1919); Abrams _v._ 2024-4-22
64 [1258] Knox _v._ Lee (Legal Tender Cases), 12 Wall. 457, 540 (1871). [1259] 40 Stat. 276 (1917). [1260] Ibid. 272. [1261] Ibid. 411. [1262] Ibid. 451 (1918). [1263] Ibid. 904. [1264] 55 Stat. 236 (1941). [1265] 56 Stat. 176 (1942). [1266] Ibid. 23. [1267] 2024-4-22
63 [1209] Hamilton _v._ Dillin, 21 Wall. 73, 86 (1875). [1210] Northern P.R. Co. _v._ North Dakota, 250 U.S. 135, 149 (1919). [1211] Home Bldg. & Loan a.s.soc. _v._ Blaisdell, 290 U.S. 398 (1934). [1212] Northern P.R. Co. _v._ North Dakota, 250 U.S. 135, 149 2024-4-22
62 "Florsheim _v._ Schilling, 137 U.S. 64 (1890): Putting elastic gussets in corsets."Cluett _v._ Claflin, 140 U.S. 180 (1891): A s.h.i.+rt bosom or d.i.c.kie sewn onto the front of a s.h.i.+rt."Adams _v._ Bellaire Stamping Co., 141 U.S. 539 ( 2024-4-22
61 [1135] Ex parte Jackson, 96 U.S. 727, 732 (1878).[1136] Searight _v._ Stokes, 3 How. 151, 169 (1845).[1137] Re Debs, 158 U.S. 564, 599 (1895).[1138] 2 Cong. Globe 4, 10 (1835).[1139] Ibid. 298. On this point his reasoning would appear to be vindicated by 2024-4-22
60 [1087] 186 U.S. 181 (1902).[1088] Continental Illinois Nat. Bank & Trust Co. _v._ Chicago, R.I. & P.R. Co., 294 U.S. 648, 670 (1935).[1089] United States _v._ Bekins, 304 U.S. 27 (1938), distinguis.h.i.+ng Ashton _v._ Cameron County Water Improv. Dist., 2 2024-4-22
59 [1037] _See_ Perrin _v._ United States, 232 U.S. 478 (1914); Johnson _v._ Gearlds, 234 U.S. 422 (1914); d.i.c.k _v._ United States, 208 U.S. 340 (1908).[1038] United States _v._ Nice, 241 U.S. 591 (1916), overruling Re Heff, 197 U.S. 488, 509 (1905).[1039 2024-4-22
58 [989] 26 Stat. 414 (1890).[990] Crossman _v._ Lurman, 192 U.S. 189 (1904).[991] 34 Stat. 768 (1906); Savage _v._ Jones, 225 U.S. 501 (1912), citing Missouri, Kansas & Texas Ry. Co. _v._ Haber, 169 U.S. 613 (1898); Reid _v._ Colorado, 187 U.S. 137 (1902); 2024-4-22
57 [942] 297 U.S. 431 (1936).[943] 45 Stat 1084 (1929).[944] 297 U.S. at 440. _See also_ Justice Cardozo's remarks in Baldwin _v._ Seelig, 294 U.S. 511, 526-527 (1935).[945] _Cf._ Plumley _v._ Ma.s.sachusetts, 155 U.S. 461 (1894); Savage _v._ Jones, 225 2024-4-22
56 [894] Merrick _v._ Halsey & Co., 242 U.S. 568 (1917). _See also_ Hall _v._ Geiger-Jones Co., 242 U.S. 539 (1917); Caldwell _v._ Sioux Falls Stock Yards Co., 242 U.S. 559 (1917).[895] Hartford Accident & Indemnity Co. _v._ Illinois ex rel.McLaughlin, 298 U 2024-4-22
55 [845] Northern Transp. Co. _v._ Chicago, 99 U.S. 635, 643 (1879); Willamette Iron Bridge Co. _v._ Hatch, 125 U.S. 1 (1888); Illinois _v._ Economy Power Light Co., 234 U.S. 497 (1914).[846] Economy Light and Power Co. _v._ United States, 256 U.S. 113 (1921 2024-4-22
54 [799] Gladson _v._ Minnesota, 166 U.S. 427 (1897); followed in Lake Sh.o.r.e & M.S.R. Co. _v._ Ohio ex rel. Lawrence, 173 U.S. 285 (1899), in which an Ohio statute requiring that "each company shall cause three, each way, of its regular trains carryi 2024-4-22
53 [754] Western U. Teleg. Co. _v._ New Hope, 187 U.S. 419, 425 (1903); Pure Oil Co. _v._ Minnesota, 248 U.S. 158, 162 (1918).[755] New Mexico ex rel. McLean _v._ Denver & R.G.R. Co., 203 U.S. 38, 55 (1906). _Cf._ Red "C" Oil Mfg. Co. _v._ Board of 2024-4-22
52 [706] Justice Black dissented without opinion. Justice Douglas, speaking also for Justice Murphy, contended that the sale had been local, and that the only interstate agency employed had been the mails, an argument which squares badly with the att.i.tude 2024-4-22
51 [658] _See_ Railroad Co. _v._ p.e.n.i.ston, 18 Wall. 5, 30-31 (1873).[659] Pullman's Palace Car Co. _v._ Pennsylvania, 141 U.S. 18 (1891).[660] Ibid. 26.[661] 165 U.S. 194; upon rehearing 166 U.S. 185 (1897).[662] 166 U.S. at 220.[663] _See_ Justice 2024-4-22
50 [613] Norton Co. _v._ Dept. of Revenue, 340 U.S. 534 (1951), although decided by a closely divided Court, further confirms this impression.[614] 9 Wheat. 1, 217-219 (1824).[615] Smith _v._ Turner (Pa.s.senger Cases), 7 How. 283 (1849).[616] Henderson _v._ 2024-4-22
49 [565] Eastern Air Transport, Inc. _v._ South Carolina Tax Comm'n., 285 U.S. 147, 153 (1932).[566] Rast _v._ Van Deman and Lewis, 240 U.S. 342 (1916). _See also_ Tanner _v._ Little, 240 U.S. 369 (1916), and Pitney _v._ Was.h.i.+ngton, 240 U.S. 387 (19 2024-4-22
48 [517] 41 Stat. 324 (1919).[518] 267 U.S. at 436-439. _See also_ Kentucky Whip & Collar Co. _v._ Illinois C.R. Co., 299 U.S. 334 (1937).[519] United States _v._ Darby, 312 U.S. 100, 116-117 (1941).[520] Roland Co. _v._ Walling, 326 U.S. 657, 669 (1946).[52 2024-4-22
47 [484] Ibid. 329.[485] 236 U.S. 216 (1915).[486] Ibid. 222. _See also_ Robert B. Cushman, National Police Power Under the Commerce Clause, 3 Selected Essays on Const.i.tutional Law, 62-79.[487] Groves _v._ Slaughter, 15 Pet. 449, 488-489 (1841).The Issue A 2024-4-22
46 [451] Carter _v._ Carter Coal Co., 298 U.S. 238 (1936).[452] Ibid. 308-309.[453] United States _v._ E.C. Knight Co., 156 U.S. 1 (1895).[454] 301 U.S. 1 (1937).[455] 49 Stat. 449.[456] 301 U.S. at 38, 41-42 (1937).[457] National Labor Relations Board _v._ 2024-4-22
45 [411] 48 Stat. 1283.[412] 295 U.S. 330 (1935).[413] Ibid. 374.[414] Ibid. 384.[415] 326 U.S. 446 (1946). Indeed, in a case decided in June, 1948, Justice Rutledge, speaking for a majority of the Court, listed the Alton case as one "foredoomed to reve 2024-4-22
44 _See infra._ [369] 12 Stat. 489 (1862).[370] Thomson _v._ Pacific Railroad, 9 Wall. 579, 589 (1870); California _v._ Central Pacific Railroad, 127 U.S. 1, 39 (1888); Cherokee Nation _v._ Southern Kansas R. Co., 135 U.S. 641 (1890); Luxton _v._ North River 2024-4-22
43 [324] 6 Wheat. 264, 413 (1821).[325] 9 Wheat. 1, 195 (1824).[326] New York _v._ Miln, 11 Pet. 102 (1837), overturned in Henderson _v._ New York, 92 U.S. 259 (1876); License Cases, 5 How. 504, 573-574, 588, 613 (1847); Pa.s.senger Cases, 7 How. 283, 399-40 2024-4-22
42 [279] 2 Stat. 357 (1806).[280] In an advisory opinion which it rendered for President Monroe at his request on the power of Congress to appropriate funds for public improvements, the Court answered that such appropriations might be properly made under the 2024-4-22
41 [229] Indian Motorcycle Co. _v._ United States, 283 U.S. 570 (1931).[230] 12 Wheat. 419, 444 (1827).[231] Snyder _v._ Bettman, 190 U.S. 249, 254 (1903).[232] South Carolina _v._ United States, 199 U.S. 437 (1905). _See also_ Ohio _v._ Helvering, 292 U.S. 2024-4-22
40 [179] Page _v._ United States, 127 U.S. 67 (1888).[180] Long _v._ Ansell, 293 U.S. 76 (1934).[181] Ibid. 83.[182] United States _v._ Cooper, 4 Dall. 341 (1800).[183] Williamson _v._ United States, 207 U.S. 425, 446 (1908).[184] Kilbourn _v._ Thompson, 103 2024-4-22
39 [132] 69 Cong. Rec. 1718 (1928).[133] Hinds' Precedents of the House of Representatives, I: -- 414 (1907).[134] Ibid. ---- 415-417.[135] The part of this clause relating to the mode of apportionment of Representative among the several States, was cha 2024-4-22
38 [83] Kraus & Bros. _v._ United States, 327 U.S. 614 (1946).[84] Landis, Const.i.tutional Limitations on the Congressional Power of Investigation, 40 Harvard Law Review, 153, 159-166 (1926).[85] 3 Annals of Congress, 493 (1792).[86] In 1800, Secretary of t 2024-4-22
37 [35] Ex parte Kollock, 165 U.S. 526 (1897).[36] b.u.t.tfield _v._ Stranahan, 192 U.S. 470 (1904).[37] United States _v._ Grimaud, 220 U.S. 506 (1911).[38] United States _v._ Shreveport Grain & Elevator Co., 287 U.S. 77, 85 (1932).[39] Currin _v._ Wallace, 2024-4-22
36 Subject Matter of Interstate Compacts For many years after the Const.i.tution was adopted, boundary disputes continued to predominate as the subject matter of agreements among the States. Since the turn of the twentieth century, however, the interstate co 2024-4-22
35 Ogden _v._ Saunders.--These obscurities were finally cleared up for most cases in Ogden _v._ Saunders,[1695] in which the temporal relation of the statute and the contract involved was exactly reversed--the former antedating the latter. Marshall contended 2024-4-22
34 There are three ways in which the charter of a corporation may be regarded. In the first place, it may be thought of simply as a license terminable at will by the State, like a liquor-seller's license or an auctioneer's license, but affording th 2024-4-22
33 TREATIES, ALLIANCES OR CONFEDERATIONS At the time of the Civil War this clause was one of the provisions upon which the Court relied in holding that the Confederation formed by the seceding States could not be recognized as having any legal existence.[154 2024-4-22
32 Definition At the time the Const.i.tution was adopted, many persons understood the terms _ex post facto_ laws, to "embrace all retrospective laws, or laws governing or controlling past transactions, whether * * * of a civil or a criminal nature." 2024-4-22
31 DEFINITION AND PUNISHMENT OF CRIMES Although the only crimes which Congress is expressly authorized to punish are piracies, felonies on the high seas, offenses against the law of nations, treason and counterfeiting of the securities and current coin of th 2024-4-22
30 between the ages of eighteen and forty-five. The act reorganized the National Guard, determined its size in proportion to the population of the several States, required that all enlistments be for "three years in service and three years in reserve,&q 2024-4-22
29 The Mergence of Legislative and Executive in Wartime Both theories receive countenance in different pa.s.sages in the opinion of Chief Justice Stone in Hirabayas.h.i.+ _v._ United States.[1274] In disposing of the contention that the curfew imposed upon a 2024-4-22
28 SOURCE AND SCOPE Three different views regarding the source of the war power found expression in the early years of the Const.i.tution and continued to vie for supremacy for nearly a century and a half. Writing in The Federalist,[1203] Hamilton elaborated 2024-4-22
27 POWER TO PREVENT HARMFUL USE OF THE POSTAL FACILITIES Some thirty years later Congress pa.s.sed the first of a series of acts to exclude from the mails publications designed to defraud the public or corrupt its morals. In the pioneer case of Ex parte Jack 2024-4-22
26 Congress' power over naturalization is an exclusive power. A State cannot denationalize a foreign subject who has not complied with federal naturalization law and const.i.tute him a citizen of the United States, or of the State, so as to deprive the 2024-4-22
25 Concurrent Federal and State Legislation THE GENERAL ISSUE Since the turn of the century federal legislation under the commerce clause has penetrated more and more deeply into areas once occupied exclusively by the police power of the States. The result h 2024-4-22
24 MISCELLANEOUS Banks and Banking A State statute which forbids individuals or partners.h.i.+ps to engage in the banking business without a license is not, as to one whose business chiefly consists in receiving deposits for periodic s.h.i.+pment to other St 2024-4-22